President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has formally transmitted a constitutional amendment bill to the Senate seeking the establishment of state police, setting the stage for what could become one of the most significant security reforms in Nigeria’s democratic history.
The proposed legislation aims to amend the 1999 Constitution to allow states to establish and operate their own police services alongside the Nigeria Police Force, effectively decentralising law enforcement powers that have remained under the exclusive control of the Federal Government since 1999.
If passed, the bill would fundamentally reshape Nigeria’s internal security framework at a time when many states are grappling with rising cases of banditry, kidnapping, terrorism and other violent crimes.
Legislative sources disclosed that the bill has already been received by the Senate and is expected to be listed for first reading in the coming legislative sessions.
The move revives a long-standing national debate over state policing, with advocates insisting that governors and local authorities are better positioned to tackle security challenges within their jurisdictions through improved intelligence gathering, community engagement and faster response mechanisms.
Supporters of the proposal argue that the current centralised policing structure has become overstretched and inadequate in addressing the complex security threats confronting different parts of the country.
However, the proposal is also expected to generate intense debate within political and legal circles.
Critics have repeatedly warned that state police could be abused by governors to harass political opponents, suppress dissent and deepen regional and partisan tensions.
As a constitutional amendment, the bill faces a rigorous legislative process. It must secure the support of at least two-thirds of members of both the Senate and the House of Representatives before being transmitted to the 36 State Houses of Assembly.
For the amendment to succeed, no fewer than 24 state legislatures must approve it before it is returned to the President for assent.
Should the proposal scale through all constitutional hurdles, Nigeria would adopt a multi-tier policing system in which federal and state police agencies operate within clearly defined jurisdictions.
The Senate is expected to subject the bill to extensive scrutiny, including public hearings and consultations with security experts, state governments, civil society groups and other stakeholders.
The development marks a major milestone in the push for security sector reforms and could redefine how law enforcement is administered across Africa’s most populous nation.
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